Cuadernos de filosofía es la revista académica del Instituto de Filosofía “Dr. Alejandro Korn”. De periodicidad semestral, Cuadernos publica trabajos originales e inéditos de las diferentes áreas de la producción filosófica, recibiendo contribuciones en español, inglés y portugués. Su objetivo es ofrecer un espacio de intercambio, discusión y difusión de la investigación filosófica producida por la comunidad académica nacional e internacional.
Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad de Buenos Aires
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Translation and Introduction of the Preface of the italian edition of the Principles of Philosophy of Descartes, by Giuseppa Barbapiccola.
Copyright (c) 2024 Cuadernos de filosofía
De la Redención a la Liberación: modulaciones filosófico-teológico políticas sobre la “justicia mesiánica” en el Nuevo Pensamiento contemporáneo, judeo-europeo y cristiano-latinoamericano
Resumen de tesis doctoral de Juan Matias Zielinski
Florencia Abadi, The Birth of Desire, Santiago de Chile, Pólvora Editorial, 2024. 110 pp. ISBN: 978-956-9441-92-9
This work aims to review El nacimiento del deseo by Florencia Abadi, Ph.D. in Philosophy, researcher at the National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), and professor of Aesthetics at the University of Buenos Aires (UBA). In her book the author employs fields such as contemporary philosophy, psychoanalysis, and Greek mythology to craft a comprehensive representation of this relentless force within human nature: desire (éros). The work comprises ten essays that delve into the various dimensions of this sentiment, including shame, guilt, betrayal, the historical fantasy of reproduction without women, enigma, cruelty, resentment, the ambiguous figure of the god Dionysus, and, ultimately, her own formulation of Ars erotica. The book is an engaging read and is intended both for a general audience and for readers with prior knowledge in the field.
The paper highlights the connection established by Eriugena between the liberal arts and the human soul, first in the glosses he adds to Martianus Capella's text and later in his magnum opus, Periphyseon. The disciplines are not only immortal but eternal, and their practice unveils the structure of reality while contributing to the return of all that is real to its pristine being, which is, simultaneously, its purest knowledge. Through the analysis of these texts, certain allegorical images employed by Eriugena to elucidate this topic will be revealed.
Keywords: Eriugena, Liberal Arts, Philosophy, Dialectic
Musical Discourse: A Reflection over Meaning in Art
The philosophers Paul Ricoeur and Theodor W. Adorno share a trait d’union, which manifests itself in the relationship between musical language and verbal language. Parting from predominant poststructuralist interpretations, this article seeks to answer the following questions: How do both languages generate meaning in the thought of these two philosophers? Moreover, how does Adorno’s account of the linguistic character of music relate to Ricoeur’s analysis of verbal language? Addressing these questions, this study engages in a dialogue between Adorno’s and Ricoeur’s thought, examining the similarities in their conclusions. This analysis reveals that for Adorno as well as for Ricoeur, the dialectic between the particular and the universal constitutes the foundation for musical and verbal meaning. Building on this assertion, the present study proposes a potential path for clarifying the claim to objectivity in tonal music and music that, while transcending it, seeks to maintain a connection with it.
This article explores publications that initiated the Philosophy of Liberation, with the intention of pointing out some conditions for the reactivation of certain ideas and lines of work present in them. First, it examines the relationship between Philosophy of Liberation and Latin American philosophy in the context of a counterpoint between two journals that appeared almost simultaneously in the mid-1970s. In this context, Francisco Miró Quesada is hailed as an exceptionary exemplar of how to navigate certain tensions within this framework. Additionally, other influential texts on the Philosophy of Liberation will be taken up in order to problematise the meaning and scope of the foundational operation carried out in them, with particular attention to the way in which it has affected the configuration of the Argentinean philosophical field. At this stage, two main conceptions of the project are distinguished, which generate different perspectives depending on their hierarchy: "the metaphysics of otherness" or "national liberation". Finally, some inherent tensions resulting from these options are emphasized in order to identify certain decisions against which any attempt to recover and relaunch this project would have to contend.
Philosophy, Liberation, History, People, Nation
The Kantian Motivations Behind McDowell's Conceptualism
This paper presents an analysis of the Kantian roots of the debate between conceptualists and non-conceptualists in contemporary philosophy of perception and cognitive sciences. To this end, I begin by reconstructing the general outlines of McDowell's (1994a) conceptualist position. I then point out the epistemic, transcendental, and ethical motivations that led the author to defend this position, highlighting its affinity with certain milestones of Kantian philosophy. Next, I analyze McDowell’s (2008a) revision of his position in light of non-conceptualist criticisms, the notion of "intuitional content," and its relationship with the aforementioned motivations. Finally, I argue that the authors of such criticisms still owe a dialogue with the foundational premise that sparked the debate: "intuitions, without concepts, are blind" (Kant KrV, A51/B76).
Keywords: Justification, perceptual experience, conceptual content, non-conceptual content, representationalism
Note on the Tractatus and Critical Philosophy
This paper explores the influence of Kant's Critique of Pure Reason on the intellectual attitude that emerged in late 19th-century philosophy, which emphasized the centrality of analysis. Founders of this movement, such as Frege, Russell, and Moore, were familiar with Kant's work and considered it in their reflections, especially in opposition to British Hegelianism. Although the term "analysis" was later applied to this intellectual disposition, it arose in a neo-Kantian European context. One of the most influential works from early analytic philosophy, Wittgenstein's Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, is closely linked to Kant's critical philosophy, despite the unexpected background of its author, an eccentric and talented engineer. The extensive analytical literature since the 1960s has studied the connections between transcendental idealism and Wittgenstein’s reflections in the Tractatus and his later thoughts. This note provides a brief illustration of some observations linking the Tractatus with Kant's first Critique.
Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus - Wittgenstein - Kant - Critique of Pure Reason
That existence cannot be a real predicate of the concept of a thing is not an original claim of Kant; it is, strictly speaking, a variation of a possible theory on existence that was already advanced by medieval and modern Scholastics. Thus, the analysis of the debates on being and essence of scholastic metaphysics allows us to better understand the meaning of the different possible approaches to the general problem of the relation between determinacy and existence. Against this historical and conceptual background it becomes possible to examine Kant's thesis on existence with new theoretical tools so as to delimit with greater precision its meaning and its difference not only with respect to the thesis of authors such as Wolff and Baumgarten, but also with respect to that of Kant's own immediate successors. Post-Kantian idealism explicitly criticizes Kant's conception of existence by resorting, in turn, to arguments that in not a few cases have also been recognized and partially developed by scholastic metaphysics.
Existence, Hegel, Kant, Scholastic Metaphysics, Suárez
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Nietzsche rejects several aspects of Kantian thought, without recognizing the closeness between his idea of fiction and the place that Kant attributes to transcendental ideas as “heuristic fictions.” The reasons why Nietzsche assimilates Kantian thought to metaphysics will be analyzed, and above all, his criticism of the categorical imperative and its consequences as “moral fanaticism”. The author who recognizes, at the beginning of the 20th century, this Nietzsche-Kant closeness around the idea of fiction is Hans Vaihinger, therefore, we will focus on his analysis of the issue in Nietzschean thought.
Keywords: fiction- focus imaginarium-moral fanaticism-Vaihinger-Lange
Reseña de Fenomenología del exceso: Neoplatonismo cristiano y lenguaje de la saturación en Jean-Luc Marion, de Matías Ignacio Pizzi
´For the entire knowledge´: complejidad y conciliación en el Leviatán de Hobbes
: In Leviathan, Hobbes's journey to an understanding of the political includes a double register. On the one hand, there are argumentative developments and strictly conceptual definitions. On the other, a set of analogies, grandiloquent expressions and highly imaginative narratives. If one chooses to attribute some explanatory effectiveness, and not merely rhetorical, to the non-strictly geometric moments of the text, the adjusted reading must assume the task of reconciling the presence of images and statements that, at first glance, appear to be opposed, or, at least, non confluent. The hypothesis of this paper is that the challenges in reconciling the various elements offered by Hobbes are a deliberate hint that points to suggesting the incomprehensible complexity of the nature of statehood.
Hobbes, political philosophy, nature, complexity,conciliation
Hybridization of Experience in Times of Digital Education
Despite the massive and forced digitalization of social life during the Covid-19 pandemic, embodied experience remains irreplaceable. In this sense, the post-pandemic "new normal" has not meant a digital overcoming of corporeality, as some enthusiasts of the ideology of technological solutionism and adherents of transhumanism think, but rather a new impulse of hybridization of experience in general, and of pedagogical experience in particular. Drawing on Merleau-Ponty’s approach in Phenomenology of Perception, in this paper I propose to address such hybridization by understanding the phenomenon of virtuality as a fundamental dimension of experience and corporeal reality. At the same time, I point out some limitations of the Merleau-Pontian approach to virtuality, which, nevertheless, allow us to make some relevant pedagogical remarks to question the supposed neutrality and inevitability of the current processes of digitalization of the educational field as a whole.
corporeality, digital education, hibridization, Merleau-Ponty, virtuality
The logic of vertigo. About the philosophical readings of Alfred Hitchcock's film Vertigo
The present work is a philosophical inquiry in which we will carry out two operations that intersect each other. The first is a study on the way in which the work of the filmmaker Alfred Hitchcock has been interpreted by four philosophers (Deleuze, Žižek, Rancière and Pippin), with special emphasis on his film Vertigo (1958). The second operation is a comprehensive attempt at the mutation that the detective genre underwent (as a literary and intellectual film genre) in the work of this filmmaker, for which we will present our own reading (although Deleuzian) on the indicated film and on other pieces. from this author. We will begin by reconstructing the Deleuzian reading of the work of the master of suspense, highlighting the mutations that police narrative undergoes from classic cinema. In a second moment we will go on to an analysis of the main philosophical readings on the film Vertigo, recomposing the logic that was put into play in their interpretations, and finally trying to explain why this film is considered a neuralgic work of the seventh art.
Philosophy of film, police genre, desire, knowledge, suspense.
Is There a Need for a New, an Environmental Ethic?
This paper presents the first translation into Spanish of one of the founding articles of the field of professional environmental ethics. The article is preceded by a discussion of its intellectual, political and biographical context, which aims to scope and interpret its insertion and functioning in the philosophical discussion 50 years after its original publication. Indeed, this act of foundation is deliberate and the author contributes to it in the form of a global argument, which needs to be understood within its intimate motivations and its public plot, that remain current in many ways. Because the intention behind this act is not the inauguration of a sub-specialty, understood as the opening of new branches of specialized treatment within a conceptually structured field, but the global reformulation of the field itself, based on a perceived inability to give adequate treatment to the environmental transformations and challenges of the 20th and 21st centuries. The article contains an influential critical analysis of the edifice of anthropocentric ethics, and by extension of one of the matrices of Western thought in which it has developed, and offers path-breaking support for the development of bio- or eco-centric ethics. As a hinge between the two, there is a famous element of argument, the mental experiment of the "last person".
Environmental ethics - Anthropocentrism - Speciesism
Towards a cosmopoetic reading of liberation aesthetics
Aesthetics -as a necessary moment of an architectural liberation- was worked on several times in the work of Enrique Dussel. Although already in the Philosophy of Liberation (1976) important passages are dedicated to it, the interest of the Argentine-Mexican thinker for aesthetic issues has been acquiring greater development and presence in later reflections. His most recent contributions on the subject have been compiled in the Seven hypotheses of Aesthetics of Liberation, where, from a phenomenological foundation of aesthetic experience, his study is expanded towards a natural aesthetic (prior to the poetic or productive moment, which corresponds to human cultural artistic productions). This way of approach implies –in our judgment- a novelty in Dussel's thought, since it suggests a displacement with respect to a certain anthropocentrism that could be seen in previous reflections. This work will attempt to highlight the implications that this "turn" may have regarding the horizon of a Philosophy of Liberation as a response to the current challenges in the face of the environmental crisis and the urgency of an epistemic paradigm shift, within which an aesthetic open to thinking non-anthropocentric - which we will temporarily call cosmopoetic - can offer a crucial intervention.
aesthetics, liberation, phenomenology, nature, crisis, anthropocentrism
La noción de la tutela en el derecho romano y el problema del hegemonikón en Séneca.
En el capítulo presente nos ocuparemos de analizar la institución de la tutela en el derecho romano desde el punto de vista jurídico, pero también considerando el uso de la práctica de la misma en la ética. Se trata de (i) describir de forma sumaria a la tutela por minoridad que es abordada en la casuística como una institución transitoria (heterogenea a las denominadas instituciones de pasaje estudiadas por la antropología). Esta no depende de forma directa de la patria potestad, y viene a operar como una forma jurídica artificial sobre el menor como ciudadano en estado de incapacidad transitoria. En segundo lugar se trata de (ii) señalar el modo en que la tutela jurídica respectiva a la administración del patrimonio, al comprender su designación por “mores”, implicaba de forma correlativa una práctica ética, cuya reconstrucción sumaria puede hacerse a través de la tratadística filosófica y retórica sobre el asunto. A partir de allí se pasa (iii) a considerar el uso de la tutela como una “ficción del derecho” (fictio legis) que es aplicada a la representación y administración de cada corporación (universitas) y de la misma cosa pública (res publica) como “pupilos” de sus titulares “tutores”. Esto permitirá, por último, (iv) indicar el modo en que la noción del officium del magistrado público como “tutor” comprendía la introducción de una práctica del consejo sobre las formas de proceder según reglas ético-políticas de “conveniencia” extra-jurídica.
Lebenswelt, meaning and corporeality in Marc Richir
The recent history of phenomenology is characterized, among other features, by the outbreak of new variants, which, far from implying weaknesses, testify to the relevance of its approaches. Among these strands, Marc Richir's philosophy stands out. This paper studies his perspective on the notions of Lebenswelt and meaning characterized by the symbolic institution since they offer subtle keys to understanding our contemporary world. Then, it explores corporeality through the notions of Leib, Leibkichkeit, and Leibhaftigkeit, which entail the firmest goal of Richir's program.
Derivas de la teoría fenomenológica de la intercorporalidad en los estudios de performance
Although Merleau-Ponty devotes important reflections on painting and only a few elaborations on dance, phenomenology has a fundamental influence on the practice and theory of performance art. Starting from the concept of embodiment, which in performance studies becomes equivalent to the notion of performance, the phenomenology of intercorporeality proposes a rediscovery of relational and reciprocal bodily perception in these artistic practices, mainly during the 1960s and 1970s, and later in the 1990s. This paper will articulate the conceptual apparatus of intercorporeality theory with performance studies to point out its limitations but also its significant projections. Ultimately, it will be concluded that such drifts motivate new critical and epistemological elaborations of performance as an intersubjective experience.
La teoría experiencial de la atención conjunta:
In this work, an analysis of the approach linked to the experience of joint attention will be carried out from a phenomenological perspective, with the aim of unraveling the assumptions that underlie the explanation of this capacity. What role do objects play within the framework of the phenomenological perspective? How is the perception of the other conceived? Are certain perceptual abilities weighted over others to explain this ability? To do this, first of all, the classical and enactive approaches to joint attention will be described, in order to expose some problematic points. Then, certain dimensions of the bodily experience, such as reversibility and intersensory equivalences, will be analysed in order to explain other dimensions of the joint attention.
Presentación del dossier: Proyecciones contemporáneas de la fenomenología de la corporalidad (1ra. parte)
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Hacerse mundo con los otros: Intersubjetividad como co-constitución
A Political Problem of the Classical Democratic Regime: Who is the Benefactor of the Citizens?
Naturalism, Politics and Religion in Giordano Bruno
Nolan’s restoration of authentic philosophy and the authentic image of the universe requires an “expulsion of the triumphant beast”, that is, a reform that purges the vices and harmful customs that, according to Bruno, caused the crisis that Europe was living in the 16th century. This is the main premise of the Spaccio de la Bestia Trionfante (1584). From this work, the nolana filosofia begins to turn from a metaphysical-ontological perspective towards an ethical-political perspective. In Bruno´s thought, religion is part of the law that constitutes the State; a fundamental instrument for promoting peace within civil society and a healthy relationship between men, Nature and God. For this reason, the Brunian reflection on the reform of morality and religion present in the Spaccio can be understood as his political philosophy. Thus proposed, the political philosophy of Nolano will have as its main objective the reunification of divine law, natural law and civil law and the recovery of the true usefulness of religion as instrumentum regni, that is, as a political-pedagogical tool to guarantee good coexistence in society and virtue in men. We propose, then, that in the passage from an ontological reflection to the civil-political perspective, the concepts of vicissitudine, coincidentia oppositorum and vinculum amoris are fundamental.
Giordano Bruno, Naturalism, Political Philosophy, Renaissance Philosophy
In this paper we discuss the philosophical relationship between Spinoza and Leibniz, and we raise the hypothesis that Leibniz had a friendly period with the latter, in which he came to hold Spinozist ideas. In particular, we analyse the monistic conception of substance that we believe can be found in some of the metaphysical writings of the period 1675-1676, today known as De summa rerum. We propose that the relation between the one and the many, one of the most important problems in his system, will find in Spinoza's philosophy a formulation of great attraction for the young philosopher. We will also consider some of the different approaches to Spinoza's influence on Leibniz.
Spinoza, Leibniz, substance, monism, pantheism
The Relationship between Phenomenology and Sciences in The Structure of Behaviour. Merleau-Ponty and the Project of Naturalizing Phenomenology
The aim of this paper is to argue that the work of Maurice Merleau-Ponty, and mainly The Structure of Behavior, can be considered as a precursor of the project of naturalization of phenomenology. For this purpose, it will present each of the five possible paths to undertake such a project (stipulated in Naturalizing Phenomenology), and their compatibility with the position of the phenomenologist will be simultaneously evaluated. In order to justify the proposed comparison, it will suggest that the central theses of the mentioned paths can be recognized, although formulated from different theoretical frameworks, in the positions of the authors with which Merleau-Ponty discusses. We conclude that the Merleau-Pontian approach can be characterized as a transit from the third way, called mutual constraining, towards the fourth one, consisting in an enlargement of the concept of nature.
Cognitive Sciences, Phenomenology, Naturalization, Heuristic Resource, Reductionism