Movilidad peatonal y justicia territorial: un enfoque comparativo a partir de las encuestas Origen-Destino en tres áreas metropolitanas latinoamericanas

Abstract

This article comparatively analyzes walkability in Buenos Aires, São Paulo, and Montevideo based on the most recent Origin-Destination surveys (2016, 2017, and 2018, respectively), with the goal of understanding how and where walking is more or less possible in unequal urban contexts. The research crosses pedestrian mobility data with territorial information drawn from O-D surveys, focusing on comparisons between center and periphery, different household arrangements, and the extremes of socioeconomic distribution, in order to reveal structural inequalities in pedestrian access to the city. Walking is understood as a daily practice embodied in the body, shaped by emotions, time, and material conditions that differ between men and women. This ambivalence is expressed both in walking as a healthy and accessible option and in its experience as a forced choice due to the lack of efficient, safe, or comfortable alternatives - especially among low-income women. The analysis also questions the place of walking in public policy, highlighting how certain urban decisions can perpetuate or transform territorial injustices. Thus, the relevance of O-D surveys is reinforced as key tools for making inequalities visible and guiding policies toward fairer mobility.